| Doctors at Stanford University are
studying a medication they hope will alleviate the suffering of millions of
American women. But their target isn’t breast cancer, osteoporosis, or a
similarly well-known affliction. Despite its alarming impact on its victims, the
malady in question has received comparatively little medical scrutiny. It’s a
"hidden epidemic," according to the Stanford researchers: compulsive shopping
disorder. That’s right. What was once merely a punchline in television sitcoms is now being taken seriously by many clinicians. According to the Stanford study’s leader, Dr. Lorrin Koran, compulsive shopping is "motivated by ’irresistible’ impulses, characterized by spending that is excessive and inappropriate, has harmful consequences for the individual, and tends to be chronic and stereotyped." Compulsive shoppers " A. It is a disease that tends to get worse and worse. B. It is a disease that afflicts a large part of the female population. C. It is a disease that lasts for a short period of time. D. It is a disease that is inheritable. [填空题] Doctors perform transplant operations to replace tissue or organs in a person who is sick or injured. Organ transplants help save (36)________of lives each year.
The year of 2004 marked the (37)________anniversary of the first successful transplant of a human organ. An American medical team performed the first successful organ transplant on December 23, 1954.
The patient, Richard Herrick, was (38)________ from a kidney (39)________. Doctor Joseph Murray gave Richard a kidney from his twin brother, Ronald. Ronald had the same (40)________as Richard. Richard survived for eight more years with the kidney. In 1990, Doctor Murray was given the Nobel Prize in Medicine for his work.
The first transplant operation was carried out in (41)________. A German doctor placed skin from a woman’’s leg on her nose. By 1863, a (42)________ scientist showed that the body rejects tissue transplants from one person to another. Forty years later, a German scientist found that this rejecti
[单项选择]
American doctors say mothers who smoke cigarettes may slow the growth of their children’ s lungs (肺). They said reduced lung growth could cause the children to suffer breathing problems and lung diseases (疾病) later in life. Doctors studied more than 1 100 children between the ages of five and nine. The mothers of some of the children smoked; the other mothers did not. Doctors tested the children once a year for five years to see how fast their lungs were growing. The test measured the amount of air the children could blow out of their lungs in one second. Children should be able to blow out more air each year because their lung-power increases as their lungs develop. But the doctors found that the lungs of the children whose mothers smoked had not developed as fast as they should. Doctors are not sure when the mothers’ smoking affected (影响) the children’s lungs. They say it could have happened before birth because the mothers smoked during pregnancy (怀孕) or it c [填空题]
What technology enables doctors to communicate with specialists at long distances [填空题]Doctors assume that Seasonal Affective Disorder might occur when there is a higher degree of released ______.
[单项选择]Optimistic Prognosis
Most doctors are too optimistic in predicting how long dying patients have to live, and this has a negative effect on the care they receive in their final days, American researchers said Friday.
A study by scientists at the University of Chicago Medical Center in Illinois showed that of the survival estimates for 486 terminally ill patients given by 343 doctors, _________(46).
_________ (47). And in some cases doctors predicted patients had five time longer to live than proved to be the case.
"Doctors are inaccurate in their prognoses (预后) for terminally ill patients and the error is systematically optimistic," professor Nicholas Christakis and Dr Elizabeth Lamont said in a report in The British Medical Journal.
The researchers added that doctors who knew their patients best were more likely to get it wrong.
"_________(48) ,the type of systematic bias toward optimism that we have found in doctors’ objective prognostic assessments may b
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