[单项选择]At low wage rates, will an increase in the wage rate most liken result in: The substitution effect An increase in the supply of labor（）
A. Yes No
B. Yes Yes
C. No No

[单项选择]Rates are low, but consumers won’t borrow The US Federal Reserve(Fed)’s announcement last week that it intended to keep credit cheap for at least two more years was a clear invitation to Americans: Go out and borrow. But many economists say it will take more than low interest rates to persuade consumers to take on more debt. There are already signs that the recent stock market fluctuations, turbulence in Europe and the US deficit have scared consumers. On Friday, preliminary data showed that the Thomson Reuters/University of Michigan consumer sentiment index had fallen this month to lower than it was in November 2008, when the United States was deep in recession. Under normal circumstances, the Fed’s announcement might have attracted new home and car buyers and prompted credit card holders to rack up fresh charges. But with unemployment high and those with jobs worried about keeping them, consumers are more concerned about paying off the loans they already have than adding more debt
A. To help reduce the debt burden on consumers.
B. To force the banks to lower their interest rates.
C. To encourage consumers to get more bank loans.
D. To prevent further fluctuations in the stock market.

[单项选择]Payment
Advertising rates are specified in the Rate Card．Rates are quoted exclusive of Value Added Tax and any other
applicable sales taxes．
A. Value Added Tax is included in sales taxes．
B. Sales taxes are included in the rates．
C. No taxes are included in the rates．

[填空题]In the years when inflation outpaces wage increase, many families in the U.S. hardly get by.

[单项选择]The belief that money wage rates are sticky is least likely to be associated with:（）
A. classical macroeconomics.
B. monetarist macroeconomics.
C. Keynesian macroeconomics.

[单项选择]An increase in interest rates can be expected to（）
A. decrease investment and increase net exports.
B. increase government spending and decrease investment.
C. decrease investment and decrease consumption.

[填空题]The boss has promised a wage increase for all the (employ) （）.

[填空题]A criticized by the media
B the low wage in the auto industry
C own a car
D Produce cars in large numbers
E the 8-hour-shift practice
F combined technology and market
Ford’s higher-wage and lower-cost strategy was strongly ______.