[单项选择]Modern linguistics, as against traditional grammar, is ___________.


A. descriptive and synchronic
B. descriptive and diachronic
C. prescriptive and synchronic
D. prescriptive and diachronic

[单项选择]Modern linguistics differs from traditional grammar for it is mostly


A. prescriptive.
B. descriptive.
C. subjective.
D. analytic.

[单项选择]Firth insisted that the object of linguistics is ______.
A. language itself
B. language in actual use
C. language variation
D. language skills

[单项选择]The distinction between ______ in linguistics lies in how things ought to be and describing how things actually are.


A. descriptive and prescriptive
B. synchronic and diachronic
C. langue and parole
D. competence and performance

[单项选择]______ is the branch of linguistics which studies the sound patterns of languages from a function perspective.


A. Phonetics
B. Semantics
C. Phonology
D. Sociolinguistics

[单项选择]Student A: I missed Prof. Li's linguistics class again yesterday.
Student B: ______
A. Congratulations!
B. Good Luck!
C. What a pity!
D. Have a nice weekend!

[单项选择]Linguistics use ______ to refer to the abstract linguistic system shared by the members of a speech community.


A. langue
B. parole
C. symbol
D. common knowledge

[单项选择]______proposed TG grammar.
A. Hymes
B. Chomsky
C. Halliday
D. Saussure

[单项选择]Remember to try to avoid（）mistakes in grammar when you write a composition.
A. to make
B. making
C. having made
D. to be made

[单项选择]

The traditional distinction between products that satisfy needs and those that satisfy wants is no longer adequate to describe classes of products. In today’s prosperous societies the distinction has become obscure because so many wants have been turned into needs. A writer, for instance, can work with paper and pencils. These are legitimate needs for the task. But the work can be done more quickly and efficiently with a word processor. Thus a computer is soon viewed as a need rather than a want.
In the field of marketing, consumer goods are classed according to the way in which they are purchased. The two main categories are convenience goods and shopping goods. Two lesser types are specialty goods and unsought goods. It must be emphasized that all of these types are based on the way shoppers think about products, not on the nature of the products themselves. What is regarded as a convenience item in France (wine, for example) may be a specialty good in the United
A. it is used at home to do paper work.
B. it is used by a writer to type a novel.
C. it becomes the only means to an end.
D. a writer does not want to use it.

[单项选择]

Passage Three
The traditional American Thanksgiving Day celebration goes back to 1621. In that year a special feast was prepared in Plymouth, Massachusetts. The colonists who had settled there had left England because they were denied of religious freedom. They came to the new land and faced difficulties in coming across the ocean.
The ship that carried them was called the Mayflower. The North Atlantic was difficult to travel. There were bad storms. They were assisted in learning to live in the land by the Indians who lived in the region. The Puritans, as they were called, had much to be thankful for. Their religious practices were no longer a source of criticism by the government. They learned to adjust their farming habits to the climate and soil.
When they selected the fourth Thursday of November for their Thanksgiving Celebration, they invited their neighbors, the Indians, to join them in dinner and a prayer of gratitude for the new life. They r
A. similar to that of England
B. different from that of England
C. similar to that of Plymouth
D. different from that of Plymouth