[单项选择]

Text 1
We have known for a long time that the organization of any particular society is influenced by the definition of the sexes and the distinction drawn between them. But we have realized only recently that the identity of each sex is not so easy to pin down, and that definitions evolve in accordance with different types of culture known to us, that is, scientific discoveries and ideological revolutions. Our nature is not considered as immutable, either socially or biologically. As we approach the beginning of the 21st century, the substantial progress made in biology and genetics is radically challenging the roles, responsibilities and specific characteristics attributed to each sex, and yet, scarcely twenty years ago, these were thought to be "beyond dispute".
We can safely say, with a few minor exceptions, that the definition of the sexes and their respective functions remained unchanged in the West from the beginning of the 19th century to
A. preferable.
B. prevalent.
C. presumable.
D. precedent.

[单项选择]

Text 1
We have known for a long time that the organization of any particular society is influenced by the definition of the sexes and the distinction drawn between them. But we have realized only recently that the identity of each sex is not so easy to pin down, and that definitions evolve in accordance with different types of culture known to us, that is, scientific discoveries and ideological revolutions. Our nature is not considered as immutable, either socially or biologically. As we approach the beginning of the 21st century, the substantial progress made in biology and genetics is radically challenging the roles, responsibilities and specific characteristics attributed to each sex, and yet, scarcely twenty years ago, these were thought to be "beyond dispute".
We can safely say, with a few minor exceptions, that the definition of the sexes and their respective functions remained unchanged in the West from the beginning of the 19th century to
A. there is almost no clue to the identity of both sexes.
B. the role distinction between different sexes is conspicuous.
C. the different definitions of sexes bears on the development of culture.
D. the progress of civilization greatly influences the role definitions of sexes.

[单项选择]
For a long time we have worked hard at isolating the individual family. This has increased the mobility of individuals; and by encouraging young families to break away from the older generation and the home community, we have been able to speed up the acceptance of change and the rapid spread of innovative behavior. But at the same time we have burdened every small family with tremendous responsibilities once shared within three generations and among a large number of people—the nurturing of small children, the initiation of adolescents into adulthood, and care of the sick and disabled and the protection of the aged. What we have failed to realize is that even as we have separated the single family from the larger society, we have expected each couple to take on a range of obligations that traditionally have been shared within a family and a wider community.
So all over the world there are millions of familie
A. old people can easily accept the change
B. people can move from place to place
C. individuals can hardly become innovative
D. economy develops at high speed

[单项选择]We have known for a long time that the organization of any particular society is influenced by the definition of the sexes and the distinction drawn between them. But we have realized only recently that the identity of each sex is not so easy to pin down, arid that definitions evolve in accordance with different types of culture known to us, that is, scientific discoveries and ideological revolutions. Our nature is not considered as immutable, either socially or biologically. As we approach the beginning of the 21st century, the substantial progress made in biology and genetics is radically challenging the roles, responsibilities and specific characteristics attributed to each sex, and yet, scarcely twenty years ago, these were thought to be "beyond dispute".
We can safely say, with a few minor exceptions, that the definition of the sexes and their respective functions remained unchanged in the West from the beginning of the 19th century to the 1960s. The role distinction, raised
A. there is almost no clue to the identity of both sexes.
B. the role distinction between different sexes is conspicuous.
C. the different definitions of sexes bear on the development of culture.
D. the progress of civilization greatly influences the role definitions of sexes.

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Text 2
For a long time, researchers have tried to nail down just what shapes us--or what, at least, shapes us most. And over the years, they’ve had a lot of finding moments. First it was our parents, particularly our mothers. Then it was our genes. Next it was our peers, who show up last but hold great sway. And all those ideas were good ones--but only as far as they went.
The fact is once investigators had exposed all the data from those theories, they still came away with as many questions as answers. Somewhere, there was a sort of temperamental dark matter exerting an invisible gravitational pull of its own. More and more, scientists are concluding that this un explained force is our siblings.
From the time they are born, our brothers and sisters are our collaborators and coconspirators, our role models and cautionary tales. They are our scolds, protectors, goads, tormentors, playmates, counselors, sources of envy, objects of pride. They te
A. siblings are not in the range of scientific research.
B. people learned management skills from family playroom.
C. spouses learned negotiation skills from their sisters and brothers.
D. studies on siblings are on their way.

[单项选择]Human beings have used tools for a long time, ______ they would not have been able to develop their intelligence so fast.


A. doubtlessly
B. therefore
C. otherwise
D. consequently

[单项选择]I'm sorry to have （）you waiting for a long time.
A. kept
B. made
C. got
D. let