Black people were first taken to North America as slaves in the seventeenth century. Sold by Arab or Mrican slave-traders in West Mrica, they were on the tobacco, sugar and cotton plantations.
Towards the end of the eighteenth century, more and more people began to condemn (谴责) slavery, but it was not until after the bitter Civil war-between the Northern and Southern states of America that is was abolished there. In 1865 the 13th Amendment to the Constitution gave blacks the right to live and work where they liked. Then ,in 1867, came further legislation (立法)guaranteeing citizenship and other civil rights.
However, there were setbacks almost immediately. The Supreme Court declared the civil rights legislation of 1867 unconstitutional and a number of new segregation (种族隔离)laws were enacted. Consequently ,as more and more blacks deserted the rural areas in search of work in the cities, they found themselves forced to .live in areas with the worst housing and poores
A. come into being
B. stopped
C. begun
D. reduced
People living on part of the south coast of England face a serious problem. In 1993, the owners of a large hotel and of several houses discovered, to their horror, that their gardens had disappeared overnight. The sea had eaten into the soft limestone cliffs on which they had been built. While experts were studying the problem, the hotel and several houses disappeared altogether, sliding down the cliff and into the sea.
Erosion (侵蚀) of the white cliffs along the south coast of England has always been a problem, but it has become more serious in recent years. Dozens of homes have had to be abandoned as the sea has crept farther and farther inland. Experts have studied the areas most affected and have drawn up a map for local people, forecasting the year in which their homes will be swallowed up by the hungry sea.
Angry owners have called on the Government to erect sea defenses to protect their homes. Government survey ors have pointed out that in most cases, thi
A. The rising of the sea level.
B. The experts' lack of knowledge.
C. The washing-away of limestone cliffs.
D. The disappearance of hotels, houses and gardens.
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