(三)阅读下面文章，完成下列5题。
元曲和唐诗、宋词一样，同为我国古代文学发展史上的艺术高峰。
元曲包含两个部分：一是散曲，它是兴起于元代的一种新兴诗歌样式，主要包括小令和套曲；一是杂剧，即由散曲套组成的曲文，间杂以宾白、科介，专供舞台演出。
元代散曲与杂剧的产生与发展，有其多种复杂的原因。
一方面，是由文学尤其是诗歌本身的内在发展规律所决定的，是文学传统继承与发展的结果。曲是由词演化而来的。词在发展初期，它饱含着人民群众的思想感情，表达了他们的愿望甚至隐情。但是，词发展到晚期，由于词作家远离社会现实，作品的内容日趋空泛，题材日趋狭隘，又由于作家一味堆砌词藻，走上了形式主义的绝路。[1]再者，金元时期，随着华北、东北、西北地区各民族在政治、军事上的斗争，加强了经济、文化的交流。[2]辽灭金兴，金亡元起，北京成了北方政治、经济、文化的中心，北京地区流行的语言，逐渐与河南、河北、山西、山东地区的语言相融合，形成了新的语言体系，从而为金元诗歌的创作提供了新的语言材料。[3]同时由于新词汇不断出现，双音、多音词日渐增多，而宋词的格律对变化着的语言，已成了一种严重的束缚。加上南北语言声调的差异，方言俗语的迥别，由北方首先产生元曲这样一种新诗体就成为一种势所必然。[4]
另一方面，最重要的原因是由元代的社会现实所决定。在蒙古贵族统一和统治中国的90年间，他们对汉族人民进行残酷剥削和压迫，实行民族歧视政策，破坏了中国传统的文化制度，科举考试废而不行70余年。当时社会各阶层的地位顺序是：一官、二吏、三僧、四道、五匠、六工、七猎、八民、九儒、十丐。在这种特殊的社会形态下，知识分子中的一部分人依附蒙古贵族，追求荣华富贵；一部分不做元朝的官，苦闷彷徨，隐居民间，过着贫苦的生活，抗议民族压迫，表现出对黑暗统治的不满和忧国忧民的思想。元代的特殊社会形态，也动摇了旧有的精神意识，传统的习惯和信仰，加上城市经济的发达，外来文化的影响，使文学从旧的思想和束缚中获得了解放与发展的新契机，被正统文学轻视的市民文学，以新的形式和精神，茁壮地发展起来，成为一种新兴的艺术力量。
散曲分小令和套曲两种。
小令也叫“小叶儿”，是独立的只曲
A. 蒙古贵族的统治破坏了中国传统的文化制度。
B. 一部分知识分子对黑暗统治不满和忧国忧民。
C. 旧有的精神意识被动摇，传统的习惯和信仰，加上城市经济的发达，外来文化的影响。
D. 被正统文学轻视的市民文学茁壮地发展起来。
It’s now a fair bet that we will never see the total extinction of the smallpox virus. The idea was to cap the glorious achievement of 1980, when smallpox was eradicated in the wild, by destroying the killer virus in the last two labs that are supposed to have it — one in the US and one in Russia. If smallpox had truly gone from the planet, what point was there in keeping these reserves
(1) reality, of course, it was naive to (2) that everyone would let (3) of such a potent potential weapon. Undoubtedly several nations still have (4) vials. (5) the last "official" stocks of live virus bred mistrust of the US and Russia (6) no obvious gain.
Now American researchers have (7) an animal model of the human disease, opening the (8) for tests on new treatments and vaccines. So once again t
A. since
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C. because
D. of
| Anyone who has ever attended a
university knows that the quality of lecturers varies greatly. A few are very
effective communicators, conveying the substance of their lectures clearly and
interestingly and inspiring students to want to know more about the subject.
Others produce dull lectures from which the students learn little and which are
likely to kill any interest they may have in the subject. Lecturing is a major
part of a university lecturer’s job and it would seem reasonable that
effectiveness in this task should be a major standard in assessing a lecturer
for promotion. However, it is very often the case that far more weight is given
to such factors as participation in research, number of publications and even
performance of administrative duties. My point of view is that a lecturer’s
lecturing should be regularly evaluat A. how well they get along with the students B. how well they give their lectures C. how many papers and books they have published’ D. how well they conduct their academic researches [判断题]缓解列车制动时，应在缓解动力制动后，再逐步解除空气制动。
A.正确 B.错误 [填空题]电器触头气隙空气中的强烈放电现象称为（ ）。
[单选题]患者女性，45岁。有慢性肾炎病史20年，近一个月来下肢浮肿，血压20/13.5kPa，尿蛋白定量3g/d，血肌酐215μmol/L，其蛋白尿性质最可能为
A.低分子蛋白尿 B.中分子蛋白尿 C.高分子蛋白尿 D.组织性蛋白尿 E.混合性蛋白尿 [判断题]导游人员进行导游活动原则上要由旅行社委派，不得私自承揽旅游业务，但可以以其他方式直接承揽导游业务。( )
[单选题]线路设备大、中修完毕后,混凝土枕下橡胶垫板、胶垫片及衬垫无缺少、损坏,歪斜大于5mm的不得超过( )(连续检查100头)。
A.6% B.8% C.10% D.12% 我来回答: 提交
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