| 心理咨询师决定对该求助者采用合理情绪疗法。以下是咨询过程片断。 心理咨询师：你认为是什么原因使你处于当前这种情绪状态 求助者：那还用说吗由于他有外遇，我们老吵架……他一点也不关心我。 心理咨询师：这些都是你生活中发生的事情，但它们也可能并不是你情绪低落的直接原因。 求助者：那是什么原因呢 心理咨询师：是你对于一些事情的看法。人们往往对事物都有自己的看法，有些是合理的，有些是不合理的，不同的看法可能引起不同的情绪。如果你能认识到你现存的情绪状态是头脑中一些不合理的想法造成的，那你或许能控制自己的情绪。 求助者：(沉默许久)怎么会这样呢 心理咨询师：我举一个例子，假设有一天你带孩子去公园，把孩子带的风筝放在长椅上，忽然走过一个人，坐在椅子上把风筝压坏了。这时候，你会怎么想 求助者：我一定很生气，他怎么能这样呢 心理咨询师：现在我告诉你，他是一个盲人。 求助者：啊——原来是个瞎子，他看不见。 心理咨询师：你还会对他愤怒吗 求助者：不会了，我甚至觉得他有点可怜。 心理咨询师：你看，都是同样一件事，他压坏了你孩子的风筝，但你前后的情绪反应不一样。为什么会这样呢那是因为前后你对这件事的看法不同。 求助者：的确有道理。也许我的问题是由我原来的一些想法造成的。 心理咨询师：就你的问题来说，别人也可能遇到。夫妻吵架，感情不和，这是比较常见的，但并不是所有当事人都跟你一样。你想想，这是为什么 求助者：难道他们的想法跟我不一样可是，现在我还不清楚，我的看法有哪些不合理的地方。 心理咨询师：这正是我们下一步要解决的问题。 |
When I tell people that I’m a professor of communication, they often are confused (1) what the term "communication" means. Many people think mass communication is the (2) type of communication, but mass communication is only one form of communication. The study of mass communication focuses on messages that are (3) over (4) such as television, newspapers, and radio. Other areas of (5) focus on the messages individuals send to one another. Some of the major contexts in which communication is studied (6) the interpersonal context, the organizational context, and the intercultural context. A scholar studying (7) communication, for example, might examine how married couples (8) with misunderstandings and the effects these misunderstandings have on (9) satisfaction. Organizational communication scholars, on the other hand, might study (10) the communication styles used by managers and their subordin
Once a circle missed a wedge. The circle wanted to be whole, so it went around looking for its missing piece. But because it was incomplete and therefore could roll only very slowly, it admired the flowers along the way. It chatted with worms. It enjoyed the sunshine. It found lots of different pieces, but none of them fit. So it left them all by the side of the road and kept on searching. Then one day the circle found a piece that fit perfectly. It was so happy. Now it could be whole, with nothing missing. It incorporated the missing piece into itself and began to roll. Now that it was a perfect circle, it could roll very fast, too fast to notice flowers or talk to the worms. (46) When it realized how different the world seemed when it rolled so quickly, it stopped, left its found piece by the side of the road and rolled slowly away.
(47) The lesson of the story, I suggested, was that in some strange sense we are more whole when we are missing something. Th
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