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Every year about 4,000,000 Americans are arrested and accused of crimes ranging from theft and traffic violations to murder. The Supreme Court has ruled that anyone charged with a crime has certain rights under the law. Do you know what your rights are if you are arrested Here are four of them.
First, as soon as the police arrest a person, they must tell him of his right to remain silent. Under the law, he is not required to answer their questions.
Second, the police must tell him of his right to have a lawyer. The state or city government will pay a lawyer to take the case of a suspect who cannot afford one.
Third, the Fifth Amendment(修正案) to the Constitution says that no person has to be a witness against himself. This means that the suspect does not have to speak against himself.
Fourth, a person can not be tried for the same crime twice. If a person has been found innocent, he cannot be arrested again, brought to court, and retried for the same
A. governed
B. decided
C. guided
D. controlled
Passage One Advertising is paid, nonpersonal communication that is designed to communicate in a creative manner, through the use of mass or information-directed media, the nature of products, services, and ideas. It is a form of persuasive communication that offers information about products, ideas, and services that serves the objectives determined by the advertiser. 66 Thus, the ultimate objective of advertising is to sell things persuasively and creatively. Advertising is used by commercial firms trying to sell products and services; by politicians and political interest groups to sell ideas or persuade voters; by not-for-profit organizations to raise funds, solicit volunteers, or influence the actions of viewers; and by governments seeking to encourage or discourage particular activities, such as wearing seatbelts, participating in the census, or ceasing to smoke. 67 The visual and verbal commercial messages that are a part of advertising are intended to attract attention
A. Another function of advertising is to communicate information about the product, its attributes, and its location of sale; this is the information function.
B. The forms that advertising takes and the media in which advertisements appear are as varied as the advertisers themselves and the messages that they wish to deliver.
C. An especially important issue in the creation of advertising is related to understanding how much information consumers want about a given product.
D. Advertising may influence consumers in many different ways, but the primary goal of advertising is to increase the probability that consumers exposed to an advertisement will behave or believe as the advertiser wishes.
E. Advertising also exists on billboards along the freeway, in subway and train stations, on benches at bus stops, and on the frames around car license plates.
F. The pervasiveness of advertising and its creative elements are designed to cause viewers to take note.
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