[填空题]In the same way that a child must be able to move his arms and legs before he can learn to walk, the child must physiologically (在生理学方面) be (47) of producing and experiencing particular emotions before these emotions can be (48) through learning. Psychologists have found that there are two basic (49) by which learning takes place. One kind of learning is called "classical conditioning. " This occurs when one event or stimulus is (50) paired with, or followed by, a reward or (51) . It is through classical conditioning that a child learns to (52) his mother’s face and voice with happiness and love, for he learns that this person provides food and comfort. Negative emotions are learned in a similar (53) .
The second kind of learning is called "operant conditioning." This occurs when an individual learns to do things that produce rewards in his (54) and learns not to do things that produce punishmen

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