[单项选择]At some point during their education, biology students are told about a conversation in a pub that took place over 50 years ago. J. B. S. Haldane, a British geneticist, was asked whether he would lay down his life for his country. After doing a quick calculation on the back of a napkin, he said he would do so for two brothers or eight cousins. In other words, he would die to protect the equivalent of his genetic contribution to the next generation.
The theory of kin selection—the idea that animals can pass on their genes by helping their close relatives—is biology’s explanation for seemingly altruistic acts. An individual carrying genes that promote altruism might be expected to die younger than one with "selfish" genes, and thus to have a reduced contribution to the next generation’s genetic pool. But if the same individual acts altruistically to protect its relatives, genes for altruistic behavior might nevertheless propagate.
Acts of apparent altruism to non-relatives can
A. Human behavior is confined to the exclusive concern of psychologists.
B. Economists’ utility is only the explanations for random acts of kindness.
C. Altruism is developed during the long process of human evolution.
D. Biologists can help economists explain some human behavior deviations.