[单项选择]To produce the upheaval in the United States that changed and modernized the domain of higher education from the mid of 1860’s to the mid of 1800’s, three primary causes interacted. The emergence of a half dozen leaders in education provided the personal force that was needed.
Moreover, an outcry for a fresher, more practical, and more advanced kind of instruction arose among the alumni and friends of nearly all of the old colleges and grew into a movement that overrode all conservative opposition. The aggressive "Young Yale" movement appeared, demanding partial alumni control, a more liberal spirit, and a broader course of study. The graduates of Harvard College simultaneously rallied to relieve the college’s poverty and demand new enterprise. Education was pushing toward higher standards in the East by throwing off church leadership everywhere, and in the West by finding a wider range of studies and a new sense of public duty.
The old-style classical education received its
A. plans developed by conservative and church leaders.
B. efforts of interested individuals to redefine the educational system.
C. the demands of social organization seeking financial relief.
D. rallies held by westerners wanting to compete with eastern schools.