[填空题]The advantages and disadvantages of a large population have long been a{{U}} (11) {{/U}}of discussion among economists. It has been argued that the supply of good land is limited. To feed a large population, inferior land must be{{U}} (12) {{/U}}and the good land worked intensively. Thus, each person produces less and this means a lower income than could be{{U}} (13) {{/U}}with a smaller population. Other economists have argued that a large population gives more{{U}} (14) {{/U}}for specialization and the development of{{U}} (15) {{/U}}such as ports, roads and railways, which are not likely to be built unless there is a big demand to{{U}} (16) {{/U}}them. One of the difficulties in carrying out a world-wide birth control program lies in the fact that official attitudes to population growth{{U}} (17) {{/U}}from country to country depending on the level of industrial development and availability of food, space and natural resources,{{U}} (18) {{/U}}whatever the consequ

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