[单项选择]Most scientists and engineers find careers in three general sectors of society: colleges and universities, industries, and federal and stale agencies. Their work includes an array of activities, from the conduct of basic and applied research to the design and application of new commercial products to the operation and maintenance of large engineering systems.
You can make your planning more effective by appreciating the direction in which professional
careers are shifting within that larger picture. (66) But more than half the students who receive PhDs in science and engineering obtain work outside academe—a proportion that has increased steadily for 2 decades. And full-time academic positions in general are more difficult to find than they were during the 1960s and 1970s, when the research enterprise was expanding more rapidly.
(67) The end of the Cold War has removed some incentive for the federal government to fund defense-oriented basic research. Increa
A. Powerful changes have swept through the universities.
B. All those trends ’affect the universities’ ability to hire scientists and engineers.
C. For example, increasing numbers of physicists, mathematicians, and engineers find their skills valued in the financial arena.
D. International companies now draw employees from many nations, seeking out valued experts from a global pool of labor to work project by project.
E. For example, for many students, a PhD will mean a career as an academic researcher.
F. As our society changes, so too do the opportunities for careers in science and engineerin