[单项选择]下列股利政策中，容易受到企业和股东共同青睐的股利政策是( )。
A. 低正常股利加额外股利
B. 固定或持续增长股利
C. 固定股利支付率
D. 剩余胶利政策

46) A recent phenomenon in present-day science and technology is the increasing trend towards "directed" or "programmed" research; i.e. research whose scope and objectives are predetermined by private or government organizations rather than researchers themselves. Any scientist working for such organizations and investigating in a given field therefore tends to do so in accordance with a plan or program designed beforehand.
At the beginning of the century, however, the situation was quite different. At that time there were no industrial research organizations in the modern sense: the laboratory unit consisted of a few scientists at the most, assisted by one or two technicians. 47) Nevertheless, the scientist, often working with inadequate equipment in unsuitable rooms, was free to choose any subject for investigation he liked, since there was no predetermined program to which he had to conform.
48) As the century developed, the