试卷详情
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考研英语-493
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[单项选择]
Text 2
In the past, American colleges and universities were created to serve a dual purpose to advance learning and to offer a chance to become familiar with bodies of knowledge already discovered to those who wished it. To create and to impart, these were the distinctive features of American higher education prior to the most recent, disorderly decades of the twentieth century. The successful institution of higher learning had never been one whose mission could be defined in terms of providing vocational skills or as a strategy for resolving societal problems. In a subtle way Americans believed higher education to be useful, but not necessarily of immediate use.
Another purpose has now been assigned to the mission of American colleges and universities. Institutions of higher learning—public or private—commonly face the challenge of defining their programs in such a way as to contribute to the service of the community.
This service role
A. radical.
B. impartial.
C. optimistic.
D. supportive. -
[单项选择]
Text 1
In a perfectly free and open market economy, the type of employer—government or private—should have little or no impact on the earnings differentials between women and men. However, if there is discrimination against one sex, it is unlikely that the degree of discrimination by government and private employers will be the same. Differences in the degree of discrimination would result in earnings differentials associated with the type of employer. Given the nature of government and private employers, it seems most likely that discrimination by private employers would be greater. Thus, one would expect that, if women are being discriminated against, government employment would have a positive effect on women’s earnings as compared with their earnings from private employment. The results of a study by Fuchs support this assumption. Fuchs’s results suggest that the earnings of women in an industry composed entirely of government employees
A. Government employment, self-employment, private employment.
B. Private employment, self-employment, government employment.
C. Government employment, private employment, self-employment.
D. Self-employment, private employment, government employment. -
[单项选择]
Millions of dollars often depend on the choice of which commercial to use in launching a new product. So you show the commercials to a (1) of typical consumers and ask their opinion. The answers you get can sometimes lead you into a big (2) . Respondents may lie just to be polite.
Now some companies and major advertising (3) have been hiring voice detectives who test your normal voice and then record you on tape (4) commenting on a product. A computer analyzes the degree and direction of change (5) normal. One kind of divergence of pitch means the subject (6) Another kind means he was really enthusiastic. In a testing of two commercials (7) children, they were, vocally, about equally (8) of both, but the computer reported their emotional (9) in the two was totally different.
Most major commercials are sent for resting-to theaters (10) with various electronic measuring devices. People regarded as
A. as
B. if
C. though
D. while -
[单项选择]
Text 3
In the two decades between 1910 and 1930, over ten percent of the Black population of the United States left the South, where the majority of the Black population had been located, and migrated to northern states, with the largest number moving, it is claimed, between 1916 and 1918. It has been frequently assumed, but not proved, that most of the migrants in what has come to be called the Great Migration came from rural areas and were motivated by two concurrent factors: the collapse of cotton industry following boll weevil infestation, which began in 1898, and increased demand in the North for labor following the cessation of European immigration caused by the outbreak of the First World War in 1914. This assumption has led to the conclusion that the migrants’ subsequent lack of economic mobility in the North is tied to rural background, a background that implies unfamiliarity with urban living and a lack of industrial skills.
But the question
A. They were being pushed lower as a result of increased competition.
B. They began to rise so that southern industry could attract rural workers.
C. They had increased for skilled workers but decreased for unskilled workers.
D. They had increased in large southern cities but decreased in small southern ones. -
[单项选择]
Text 4
Bernard Bailyn has recently reinterpreted the early history of the United States by applying new social research findings on the experiences of European migrants. In his reinterpretation, migration becomes the organizing principle for rewriting the history of pre- industrial North America. His approach rests on four separate propositions.
The first of these asserts that residents of early modern England moved regularly about their countryside: migrating to the New World was simply a "natural spillover’. Although at first the colonies held little positive attraction for the English—they would rather have stayed home—by the eighteenth century people increasingly migrated to America because they regarded it as the land of opportunity. Secondly, Bailyn holds that, contrary to the notion that used to flourish in American history textbooks, there was never a typical New World community. For example, the economic and demographic chara
A. comparing several current interpretations of early American history.
B. providing the theoretical framework that is used by most historians in understanding early American history.
C. refuting an argument about early American history that has been proposed by social historians.
D. discussing a reinterpretation of early American history that is based on new social research on migration.