试卷详情
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TOEFL(托福)2
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[单项选择](While) models of automobiles date (back as) far as the late 1600’’s, the 1880’’s (seen) the first commercial (interest) in the vehicle.
A. While
B. back
C. seen
D. interest
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[单项选择]Acoustics, (the) study of sounds, (is) one of the (oldest) of the (physically) sciences.
A. the
B. is
C. oldest
D. physically
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[单项选择]By focusing on the interesting, ______ the significant, the penny press newspapers of the 1830’’s helped to change the concept of news.
A. which does not necessarily
B. not necessarily
C. was not necessarily
D. nor necessarily being
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[单项选择]The Texas Legislature selected Vassar Miller __________ in 1982, and again in 198
A. was the state’’s poet laureate
B. as the state’’s poet laureate
C. the state’’s poet laureate
D. become the state’’s poet laureate
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[单项选择]Living organisms contain more water ________substance.
A. than do any other
B. does than any other
C. other than do they any
D. than they do any other
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[单项选择]Over the centuries, __________ that try to explain the origins of the university.
A. although many theories
B. many theories
C. have many theories been
D. there have been many theories
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[单项选择]Wild eagles that survive to adulthood are believed ________ from 20 to 30 years.
A. live
B. to live
C. they live
D. their living
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[单项选择] Both in what is now the eastern and the southwestern United States, the peoples of
the Archaic era (8,000-1,000 B.C) were, in a way, already adapted to beginnings of
cultivation through their intensive gathering and processing of wild plant foods. In both
areas, there was a well-established ground stone tool technology, a method of pounding
(5) and grinding nuts and other plant foods, that could be adapted to newly cultivated foods.
By the end of the Archaic era, people in eastern North America had domesticated certain
native plants, including sunflowers; weeds called goosefoot, sumpweed, or marsh elder;
and squash or gourds of some kind. These provided seeds that were important sources of
carbohydrates and fat in the diet.
(10) The earliest cultivation seems to have taken place along the river valleys of the
Midwest and the Southeast, with experimentation beginning as early as 7,000 years ago
and domestication be
A. The principal sources of food that made up their diet
B. Their development of ground stone tool technology
C. Their development of agriculture
D. Their distribution of work between men and women
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[单项选择]One of the (most impressive) cultural achievements of the United State (during) the 1920’’s was a (vastly) outpouring of (serious literature).
A. most impressive
B. during
C. vastly
D. serious literature
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[单项选择](Researchers) have found subtle neurological (differences) between the brains of men and women (either) in physical structure and in (the way) they function.
A. Researchers
B. differences
C. either
D. the way
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[单项选择]During the 1850’’, reform movements _____temperance and the abolition of slavery gained strength in the United States.
A. advocating
B. they had advocated
C. to advocating
D. to advocate when
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[单项选择]__________ land and money enabled construction of the Union Pacific railroad to begin from Council Bluffs, Iowa, in 186
A. By the government granting of
B. Government grants of
C. For the government to grant
D. Government grants so that
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[单项选择]______ crumbles readily when exposed to a moist, acid atmosphere, but the stone is durable in a dry atmosphere.
A. The surface of marble is
B. The surface of marble, which
C. Although the surfitce of marble
D. The surface of marble
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[单项选择]The feathers of birds (not only) protect their skin from injury and conserve (body heat), but also (function) in flight, courtship, camouflage, and sensory (perceptive).
A. not only
B. body heat
C. function
D. perceptive
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[单项选择](More than) 800 major oil (companv) (have) plants and offices in Tulsa, Oklahoma, (the site) of the international petroleum exposition.
A. More than
B. companv
C. have
D. the site
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[单项选择] Of all modern instruments, the violin is apparently one of the simplest. It consists in
essence of a hollow, varnished wooden sound box, or resonator, and a long neck, covered
with a fingerboard, along which four strings are stretched at high tension. The beauty of
design, shape, and decoration is no accident: the proportions of the instrument are
(5) determined almost entirely by acoustical considerations. Its simplicity of appearance is
deceptive. About 70 parts are involved in the construction of a violin, Its tone and its
outstanding range of expressiveness make it an ideal solo instrument. No less important.
however, is its role as an orchestral and chamber instrument. In combination with the
larger and deeper-sounding members of the same family, the violins form the nucleus
(10)of the modern symphony orchestra.
The violin has been in existence since about 1550. Its importance as an instrument
in its own right dates from t
A. practical
B. customary
C. possible
D. unusual
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[单项选择] Archaeological discoveries have led some scholars to believe that the first Mesopotamian
inventors of writing may have been a people the later Babylonians called Subarians. According to
tradition, they came from the north and moved into Uruk in the south. By about 3100B.C, They
Were apparently subjugated in southern Mesopotamia by the Sumerians, whose name became
(5) synonymous with the region immediately north of the Persian Gulf, in the fertile lower valleys of
the Tigris and Euphrates. Here the Sumerians were already well established by the year 3000B.C.
They had invented bronze, an alloy that could be cast in molds, out of which they made tools and
weapons. They lived in cities, and they had begun to acquire and use capital. Perhaps most
important, the Sumerians adapted writing (probably from the Subarians) into a flexible tool of
(10) communication.
Archacologists have known about the Sumerians for over 150 years. Archacolog
A. Babylonians
B. Subarians
C. Akkadians
D. Sumerians
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[单项选择]The ancient Egyptian water clock required sophisticated calibration, since water dripped faster from its bowl when ______ and the pressure was greater.
A. the full bowl
B. was the bowl full
C. bowl full
D. the bowl was full
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[单项选择]Giant corporations ______ to dominate the United States economy in the late nineteenth century, grew steadily larger during the 1920%.
A. which began
B. in which began
C. they began
D. which they began
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[单项选择]In 1913 (when) he (was) only 18 (year old), Leo Sowerby’’s violin concerto was (performed by) the Chicago Symphony.
A. when
B. was
C. year old
D. performed by
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[单项选择]The "method", (which is) both a style of (acting a )system of training for the actor, stresses (inner) motivation and psychological (truth.)
A. which is
B. acting a
C. inner
D. truth
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[单项选择]The twentieth century has been a period of enormous growth in mathematical research and in the number of mathematicians and fields __________them.
A. they require
B. requiring
C. require
D. as required
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[单项选择]The Executive Mansion, (constructed) in the 1790’’s (and) now (popularly) called the White House, (is oldest) public edifice in Washington,D.C.
A. constructed
B. popularly
C. and
D. is oldest
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[单项选择]The constitution of New Hampshire, ( a) second (oldest) among (those)of the fifty states, (was) adopted in 1784.
A. a
B. oldest
C. those
D. was
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[单项选择]________. widely used in the chemical industry, sodium carbonate is principally consumed by the glass industry.
A. Despite
B. Whether
C. Though
D. Except for
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[单项选择]In 1989 Carret Hongo was chosen as ______ for the Pulitzer Prize in poetry.
A. his being one of the finalists
B. to be one of the finalists
C. one of the finalists
D. the one finalist who
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[单项选择](In) June, 1846, (near) Sacramento, California, a (number) of new settlers rebelled in the Bear Flag Revolt and (proclaiming) California an independent republic.
A. In
B. near
C. number
D. proclaiming
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[单项选择] If food is allowed to stand for some time, it putrefies .When the putrefied material
is examined microscopically ,it is found to be teeming with bacteria. Where do these
bacteria come from, since they are not seen in fresh food Even until the mid-nineteenth
century, many people believed that such microorganisms originated by spontaneous
(5) generation ,a hypothetical process by which living organisms develop from nonliving matter.
The most powerful opponent of the theory of spontaneous generation was the French chemist
and microbiologist Louis Pasteur(1822-1895).Pasteur showed that structures
present in air closely resemble the microorganisms seen in putrefying materials .He did
(10)this by passing air through guncotton filters, the fibers of which stop solid particles. After
the guncotton was dissolved in a mixture of alcohol and ether, the particles that it had
trapped fell to the bottom of the liquid and were examined on a microscope slide .Pasteur
A. Pasteur’’s influence on the development of the microscope.
B. The origin of the theory of spontaneous generation.
C. The effects of pasteurization on food.
D. Pasteur’’s argument against the theory of spontaneous generation.
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[单项选择]In (the early) nineteenth century, the Cherokee nation of American Indians (was adopted) a written constitution (based) on (that) of the United States.
A. the early
B. was adopted
C. based
D. that
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[单项选择]Anyone with absolute, or perfect, pitch (are) able to identify by ear (any) note at (some)standard pitch or to (sing) a specified note at will.
A. are
B. any
C. some
D. sing
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[单项选择](Few substances) lock less (alike than )coal and diamonds, yet both (are fashioned) (from same) elemental carbon.
A. Few substances
B. alike than
C. are fashioned
D. from same
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[单项选择]Willa Cather, __________, gained recognition for her books concerning the American frontier.
A. a novelist and Pulitzer prizewinning
B. a Pulitzer prizewinning novelist
C. a Pulitzer prizewinning novelist who
D. was a Pulitzer prizewinning novelist
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[单项选择]The planet Venus is almost exactly the same size and mass __________ Earth, with a similar interior, including a nickel-iron core.
A. to
B. as
C. is
D. than
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[单项选择] Under the Earth’’s topsoil, at various levels, sometimes under a layer of rock, there am
deposits of clay. Look at cuts where highways have been built to see exposed clay beds; or
look at a construction site, where pockets of clay may be exposed. Rivers also reveal clay
along their banks, and erosion on a hillside may make clay easily accessible.
(5) What is clay made oF The Earth’’s surface is basically rock, and it is this rock that
gradually decomposes into clay. Rain, streams, alternating freezing and thawing, roots of
trees and plants forcing their way into cracks, earthquakes, volcanic action, and glaciers-all
of these forces slowly break down the Earth’’s exposed rocky crust into smaller and smaller
pieces that eventually become clay.
(10) Rocks are composed of elements and compounds of elements. Feldspar, which is the
most abundant mineral on the Earth’’s surface, is basically made up of the oxides silica and
A. conceal layers of rock
B. can be found in various places
C. are usually small
D. must be removed from construction sites
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[单项选择]The North American Review, a (magazine was) first (published) in 1815, was one of the (leading) literary (journals) of the past woe centuries.
A. magazine was
B. published
C. leading
D. journals