考博英语-57

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考博英语-57
[单项选择]As an ______ part of China, Kongkong returned to the embrace of its motherland in July, 1997.
A. explicit
B. oriented
C. integral
D. optimal
[单项选择]The new secretary has written a remarkably ______ report only in a few pages but with all the details.
A. concise
B. clear
C. precise
D. elaborate
[单项选择]We regard him as ______ to our cause because he accepted all our suggestions without hesitation.
A. amiable
B. protagnistic
C. antagonistic
D. amenable
[单项选择]Price ______ is at the top of the factors contributing to the rise of construction cost in the area after the earthquake.
A. flaw
B. fraud
C. flake
D. fore
[单项选择]Your wish to go for a walk does not ______ your leaving the baby alone in the house.
A. rectify
B. notify
C. signify
D. justify
[单项选择]He was so ______ at tying fisherman's flies that he was asked to demonstrate his technique at sports fairs and exhibitions.
A. applicable
B. adroit
C. fancy
D. impressed
[单项选择]The ______ of his first complaint led him to contemplate pursuing stronger methods to obtain satisfaction.
A. success
B. eminence
C. efficiency
D. inefficacy
[单项选择]By dint of much practice, he became ______ and was able to sign his name with either hand.
A. practical
B. tricky
C. ambiguous
D. ambidextrous
[简答题]以热爱祖国为荣，以危害祖国为耻；以服务人民为荣，以背离人民为耻；以崇尚科学为荣，以愚昧无知为耻；以辛勤劳动为荣，以好逸恶劳为耻；以团结互助为荣，以损人利己为耻；以诚实守信为荣，以见利忘义为耻；以遵纪守法为荣，以违法乱纪为耻；以艰苦奋斗为荣，以骄奢淫逸为耻。
[单项选择]Huxley is ______ optimistic for the future of either man or plant on this planet.
A. anything but
B. nothing but
C. above all
D. rather than
[单项选择]The pursuit was ______ when it was clear that we had won the day.
A. called for
B. called forth
C. called off
D. called up
[单项选择]Our research has focused on a drug which is so ______ as to be able to change brain chemistry.
A. influential
B. powerful
C. monstrous
D. rigorous
[单项选择]The economy in this region has been stagnant for a long time and no signs of recovery have ______ till now.
A. shown up
B. kept up
C. picked up
D. made for
[单项选择]The concept of ______ grouping of people with similar interests and abilities was very popular among educators.
A. segregated
B. integrated
C. homogeneous
D. heterogeneous
[单项选择]Among humans, the effects of aging vary from one individual to another. The average life ______ for Americans is around 75 years, almost twice what it was in the early 1900s.
A. spectrum
B. expectation
C. expectancy
D. width

[单项选择]

The texture of the soil depends on the relative amounts of different-sized particles that combine to make up the soil. These particles can be as large as stone and gravel or as small as clay.
A typical clay soil is composed of approximately 60 percent actual clay, 20 percent silt, and 20 percent sand. The particles in a sandy soil are so fine that it tends to be compact and interferes with the oxygen supply for plant roots. Water has trouble entering this impervious soil, and runoff is very common during rainfalls.
A typical light sandy soil is composed of approximately 70 percent sand, 20 percent silt, and 10 percent clay. The particles in a sandy soil are comparatively large, permitting water to enter the soil and to pass through it so quickly that it often carries nutrients with it and dries out very rapidly. The texture of sandy soils is genera
A. To tell gardeners how to modify their soil.
B. To classify soil types on the basis of their composition.
C. To illustrate the effects of soil type on plant growth.
D. To show how water is absorbed by different soil.

[单项选择]He was chosen leader by general ______.
A. compromise
B. command
C. consent
D. conviction

[单项选择]Doctors in this hospital have successfully ______ 100 surgical treatments to remedy those suffering nearsightedness.
A. illuminated
B. plunged
C. administered
D. specified

[单项选择]No punishment is too severe for such an ______ crime. It is almost impossible to understand its enormity.
A. avaricious
B. exemplary
C. arbitrary
D. egregious

[单项选择]
Directions: There are 4 reading passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets.

Signs of deafness had given him great anxiety as early as 1798. For a long time he successfully concealed it from all but his most intimate friends, while he consulted physicians and quacks with eagerness. But neither quackery nor the best skill of his time availed him, and it has been pointed out that the root of the evil lay deeper than could have been supposed during his lifetime. Although his constitution was magnificently strong and his health was preserved by his passion for outdoor life, a post-mortem examination revea
A. A Great Genius
B. Beethoven’s Deafness
C. Tribulations of a Genius
D. An Undeserving Nephew

[单项选择]To prevent a repetition of this dreadful occurrence, we must discover the ______ element in the food that was served.
A. unknown
B. toxic
C. kind
D. shameful

[单项选择]The frequent ______ from cold to warm weather this spring have caused much illness.
A. transmissions
B. transactions
C. transformations
D. transitions

[单项选择]No hero of ancient or modern times can surpass the Indian with his lofty contempt of death and the ______ with which he sustained the cruelest afflication.
A. assent
B. fortitude
C. concern
D. reverance

[单项选择]He had tried to ______ sleep by all his usual methods, but with no success.
A. secure
B. induce
C. impact
D. infer

[单项选择]The literary artist, concerned solely with the creation of a book or story as close to perfection as his powers will permit, is generally a quiet individual, contemplative and ______.
A. effuse
B. drowsy
C. retiring
D. poetic

[单项选择]Like other religious groups, the Christian church's strong emphasis on holiness is essential to salvation.
A. deemed
B. doomed
C. destined
D. depicted

[填空题]
Directions: For each numbered blank in the following passage, fill in a suitable word in each blank on the ANSWER SHEET.

Unconsciously, we all carry with us (51) have been called "body bubbles". These bubbles are like invisible wails (52) define our personal space. The amount of space changes (53) on the interpersonal relationship. For example, we are usually more comfortable standing closer to family members than to (54) . Personality (55) determines the size of this space. Introverts often prefer to interact with others at a greater distance than (56) .
Cultural styles are important too. A Japanese (57) and employee usually stand farther apart while talking than their American counterparts. Latin Americans and Arabs tend to (58) closer together than Americans when talking.
For Americans, (59) in social conversation is about an arm’s length to four feet. Less space in

[单项选择]

The need for solar electricity is clear. It is safe, ecologically sound, efficient, continuously available, and is has no moving parts. The basic problem with the use of solar photovoltaic devices is economics, but until recently very little progress has been made toward the development of low-cost photovoltaic devices. The larger part of research funding has been devoted to study of single-crystal silicon solar cells, despite the evidence, including that of the leading manufacturers of crystalline silicon, that the technique holds little promise. The reason for this pattern is understandable and historical. Crystalline silicon is the active element in the Very successful semiconductor industry, and virtually all of the solid state devices contain silicon transistors and diodes. Crystalline silicon, however, is particularly unsuitable to terrestrial solar ce
A. discussing the importance of solar energy
B. explaining the functioning of solar cells
C. presenting a history of research on energy sources
D. describing a possible solution to the problem of the cost of photovoltaic cells

[简答题]1. The connotations of the term "harmonious society". 2. The significance of building a harmonious society. 3. Make your suggestions as to how to build a harmonious society.

[单项选择]His theories were so ______ that few could see what he was trying to establish.
A. logical
B. scholarly
C. theoretical
D. vague

[单项选择]We do not mean to be disrespectful when we refuse to follow the advice of our leader.
A. venerable
B. respectful
C. famous
D. gracious

[单项选择]During the late 1950s, the Brazilian economy ______ forward as heavy industries and basic infrastructure--roads, communications, and construction--expanded.
A. increased
B. splashed
C. surged
D. improved

[单项选择]He was so convinced that people were driven by ______ motives that he could not believe that anyone could be unselfish.
A. selfless
B. personal
C. ulterior
D. remarkably

[单项选择]We ask for ______ from others, yet we are never merciful ourselves.
A. clemency
B. sincerity
C. selectivity
D. consideration

[单项选择]The game had to be ______ because of crowd trouble.
A. vanished
B. abandoned
C. scattered
D. rejected

[单项选择]Animal migration is a seasonal or periodic movement of animals in response to changes in climate or food ______, or to ensure reproduction.
A. alternation
B. availability
C. utilization
D. capacity

[简答题]
Directions: Read the following passage carefully and then translate each underlined part into Chinese.

71. The international software market represents a significant business opportunity for U.S. microcomputer software companies, but illegal copying of programs is limiting the growth of sales abroad. If not dealt with quickly, international piracy of software could become one of the most serious trade problems faced by the United States.
72. Software piracy is already the biggest barrier to U.S. software companies entering foreign markets. One reason is that software is extremely easy and inexpensive to duplicate compared to the cost of developing and marketing the software. The actual cost of duplicating a software program, which may have a retail value of $ 400 or more, can be as little as a dollar or two--the main component being the cost of the diskette. 73. The cost of counterfeiting software is substantially less

[单项选择]

Watch a baby between six and nine months old, and you will observe the basic concepts of geometry being learned. Once the baby has mastered the idea that space is three-dimensional, it reaches out and begins grasping various kinds of objects. It is then, from perhaps nine to fifteen months, that the concepts of sets and numbers are formed. So far, so good. But now an ominous development takes place. The nerve fibers in the brain insulate themselves in such a way that the baby begins to hear sounds very precisely. Soon it picks up language, and it is then brought into direct communication with adults. From this point on, it is usually downhill all the way for mathematics, because the child now becomes exposed to all the nonsense words and beliefs of the community into which it has been so unfortunate as to have been born. Nature, having done very well by the
A. How basic concepts of physics are learned.
B. Math-learning strategies for babies.
C. How basic concepts of physics are learned.
D. Math-learning strategies for babies.