试卷详情
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职称英语(综合类)4
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[单项选择]They (debated) for hours, but could not agree on an answer.
A. consulted
B. argued
C. examined
D. forgot
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[单项选择]The Function of Adrenocorticotriopin
Some people can quite accurately time the end of their night’’s sleep at will, without using an alarm clock, demonstrating that it is possible to voluntarily control a state of consciousness that is characterized by a loss of volition and attentional guidance. Here we show that the expectation that sleep will come to an end at a certain time induces a marked increase in the concentration of the hormone adrenocorticotriopin(促肾上腺皮质激素) in the blood one hour before waking. The regulation of adrenocorticotropin release during nocturnal sleep is therefore not confined to daily rhythms._________(46).
_________(47). Normally, the release of adrenocorticotropin and cortisol(皮质醇) increases during late stages of sleeping, reaching a daily maximum at the time of spontaneous waking. Adrenocorticotropin and Cortisol are also released from the pituitary-adrenal system in a major adaptive response to stress, and are secreted in anticipation of stressful e
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[单项选择]The economic reform in that country has been (accelerated).
A. speeded up
B. put off
C. slowed down
D. stopped
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[单项选择]Dont (hesitate) to let me know if there is anything I can do for you.
A. pause
B. refuse
C. reject
D. wait
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[单项选择]The train stopped (abruptly), making us wonder where we were.
A. all of a sudden
B. fast
C. quickly
D. slowly
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[单项选择]The United States Congress and the state legislatures (approve) thousands of laws each year.
A. amend
B. debate
C. pass
D. draft
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[单项选择]Through a procedure known as time-sharing, one large computer can be employed (simultaneously) by lots of small users.
A. ahead of time
B. all the time
C. at the same time
D. in time
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[单项选择]The boy was seriously (wounded) in the accident.
A. damaged
B. injured
C. destroyed
D. devastated
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[单项选择]The chairman (proposed) that we should stop the meeting.
A. stated
B. declared
C. suggested
D. announced
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[单项选择] Nurses
The physicians in a hospital form the core of the medical staff. But they could not provide effective medical care to their patients without the help of numerous other medical workers. From the angle of the patients, the nursing staff is particularly important. Nurses are usually in close contact with patients as long as they are in the hospital.
A nurse does not study for as many years as a doctor. However, each must be equally trained. Caring for sick persons requires a great deal of patience and concern. Most nurses work long days, and they often must work at odd hours or during the night.
The nursing staff in a hospital is usually quite large and various. Nursing services, after all, must be provided on a 24-hour basis. There are professional (专业的) nurses, practical nurses, nurses aids, and orderlies (勤杂工). The general term nurse refers to a person trained to offer bedside care to sick persons.
Under the supervision (管理)
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
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[单项选择] The United States
In 1782 【51】 the United States won its independence, the bald eagle was chosen 【52】 the national bird of the new country. American leaders wanted the eagle to be a 【53】 of their country because it’’s a bird of strength and courage. They chose the bald eagle because it was found all over North America and only in North America.
But a little over 200 years 【54】 ,the bald eagle had almost disappeared from the country, In 1972, there were only 3,000 bald eagles in the entire United States. The reason for the birds 【55】 population was pollution, especially pollution of rivers by pesticides. Pesticides are chemicals 【56】 to kill insects and other animals that attack and destroy crops.
【57】 , rain often washes pesticides into rivers. Pesticides pollute the rivers and poison the fish. Eagles eat 【58】 and the poison 【59】 their eggs. The eggs have very thin shells and do not hatch.
Eagles 【60】 only two or three eggs a year. Beca
A. long after
B. soon after
C. long before
D. before long
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[单项选择]When he arrived home, he (deposited) his coat on the floor.
A. kept
B. located
C. stored
D. placed
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[单项选择]I have a (permanent) job here.
A. new
B. high-paid
C. stable
D. temporary
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[单项选择]The price is (somewhat) higher than I expected.
A. to some degree
B. at some time
C. in some cases
D. for some reason
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[单项选择]Many problems that (bothered) people then continue to exist today.
A. disturbed
B. destroyed
C. endangered
D. interested
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[单项选择]People, Customs and Habits
1. Every ten years the United States makes a complete count, or census, of its people. When the first count was made in 1790, the new nation had fewer than 4 million people, almost all living along the East Coast. Today, there are more than 226 million.
2. We moved slowly through the city and entered a slum district. The streets crowded with people. People eating, people washing, people sleeping. People visiting each other, arguing and screaming. People pushing their hands through the taxi windows begging. People holding on to the sides of buses. People, people, people, people.
3. We have the ability to keep what we have learned in our minds so that we can call it up again for use later on. What we remember in this way may be words, figures, dates, poetry, events in our own lives and things like arithmetic or historic facts, and even skilled actions such as playing the piano or riding a bicycle.
4. Different countries and different races have
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[单项选择] Vice Vaccines
At first glance, vice vaccines look just great. These injections promise to inactivate drugs such as cocaine, heroin and nicotine in the bloodstream before they reach the brain. Without the "hit", people just won’’t come back for more.
It’’s true that these vaccines are still being developed, so their full risks and benefits are not yet clear. But all the signs are that for people who are in danger of overdosing, or for addicts who want to get themselves clean but need some help to overcome their craving, the vaccines will be immensely valuable.
But like many new technologies, they also bring difficult choices. Will convicted criminals who steal to feed their drug habit be allowed back onto the street if they agree to be vaccinated, for example Could a judge even compel these people to be vaccinated
Perhaps the most controversial debate that vice vaccines have raised is whether they should be given routinely to childre
A. the injection of drugs into the bloodstream
B. the inactivation of drugs before they reach the brain
C. the strong sensation aroused by taking drugs
D. the addiction to drugs
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[单项选择]Is the clock in the tower (accurate)
A. correct
B. new
C. old
D. wrong
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[单项选择] Modern Drugs
Doctors, sixty years ago, could do little to help victims of polio. Serious cases usually ended in death. In 1955, a vaccine was developed that prevented the disease. Today, polio is no longer a major health problem.
Many of the most important drugs that doctors prescribe today have been developed in the last 30 years. Modern drugs are complex, specific and powerful. People need to know more about drugs in order to use them safely.
Early people discovered by accident that some of the plants growing around them seemed useful to heal sores, relieve pain, or even cure diseases. These plants were the first drugs. Now plants are still the source of some drugs. Quinine, for example, is a bitter-tasting drug used to treat the chills and fever of malaria and to reduce attacks of the disease. It is made from the bark of the cinchona tree, which grows in the Andes Mountains. The Indians of that region were the first to use the bark as
A. The development of modern drugs.
B. How to make drugs.
C. How to use drugs safely.
D. The development of drugs.
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[单项选择] On Antibodies
Substances foreign to the body, such as disease-causing bacteria and viruses and other infectious agents, are recognized by the body s immune system as invaders. Our natural defenses against these infectious agents are antibodies, proteins that seek out the antigens (抗原) and help destroy them.
Antibodies have two very useful characteristics. First, they are extremely specific; that is, each antibody binds to and attacks one particular antigen. Second, some antibodies, once activated by the occurrence of a disease, continue to confer resistance against that disease. Classic example are the antibodies to the childhood diseases of chickenpox(水痘) and measles.
The second characteristic of antibodies makes it possible to develop vaccines. A vaccine (痘苗) is a preparation of killed or weakened bacteria or viruses that, when introduced into the body, stimulates the production of antibodies against the antigens it contains.
It is
A. disease-causing bacteria
B. disease-causing viruses
C. antigens
D. protein
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[单项选择]Einstein’’s theory of relativity seemed (incredible) when it was first introduced.
A. brilliant
B. complicated
C. unbelievable
D. distinguished
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[单项选择]It is easier to adapt to new situations if one has a (flexible) attitude.
A. changeable
B. fashionable
C. moveable
D. elastic